Graves disease San Antonio, TX is an autoimmune disorder that affects the thyroid gland, causing it to become overactive (hyperthyroidism). This condition can lead to a range of health complications if left untreated. If you live in San Antonio, TX, and suspect you have Graves disease or have already been diagnosed, this guide will help you understand the symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, and where to seek medical assistance.

Understanding Graves Disease

Graves disease is a condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, leading to excessive production of thyroid hormones. The thyroid plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism, energy levels, and various bodily functions. When it becomes overactive, it can cause symptoms that affect multiple organs and overall well-being.

This disease is one of the most common causes of hyperthyroidism and affects people of all ages, though it is more prevalent in women aged 30 to 50. Genetic predisposition and environmental factors also play a role in its development.

Symptoms of Graves Disease

Graves disease presents with a variety of symptoms that can range from mild to severe. These include:

  • Unintentional Weight Loss – Despite having a normal or increased appetite, individuals with Graves disease often lose weight due to a high metabolic rate.
  • Rapid or Irregular Heartbeat (Palpitations) – Increased thyroid hormone levels can accelerate heart rate and cause palpitations.
  • Anxiety and Irritability – Hyperthyroidism often leads to mood swings, restlessness, and nervousness.
  • Tremors – Shaking hands or fingers is a common symptom.
  • Increased Sweating and Heat Intolerance – Individuals may feel excessively warm and sweat more than usual.
  • Goitre (Enlarged Thyroid Gland) – A visible swelling in the neck due to thyroid enlargement.
  • Bulging Eyes (Graves Ophthalmopathy) – Some people experience eye problems, including bulging eyes, irritation, or vision issues.
  • Fatigue and Muscle Weakness – Particularly in the legs and arms, making it difficult to perform daily tasks.
  • Sleep Disturbances – Difficulty falling or staying asleep.
  • Changes in Menstrual Cycle – Irregular or lighter periods in women.
  • Increased Bowel Movements – Hyperthyroidism can lead to more frequent bowel movements or diarrhoea.

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause of Graves disease is unknown, but it is considered an autoimmune disorder. Several risk factors can increase the likelihood of developing the condition:

  • Genetics – A family history of thyroid disorders increases the risk.
  • Gender – Women are more likely to develop Graves disease than men.
  • Age – Most commonly diagnosed in people under 50.
  • Stress – High levels of emotional or physical stress may trigger or worsen the condition.
  • Smoking – Increases the risk of developing Graves ophthalmopathy.
  • Other Autoimmune Diseases – Conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis or type 1 diabetes may increase susceptibility.

Diagnosing Graves Disease in San Antonio, TX

If you are experiencing symptoms of Graves disease, it is important to consult a healthcare provider in San Antonio. Diagnosis typically involves the following:

  1. Physical Examination

A doctor will check for signs of hyperthyroidism, such as an enlarged thyroid, rapid heartbeat, and eye changes.

  1. Blood Tests

Blood tests measure levels of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). In Graves disease, TSH levels are low, while T3 and T4 levels are elevated.

  1. Thyroid Antibody Test

This test detects thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs) that indicate Graves disease.

  1. Radioactive Iodine Uptake Test

This test measures how much iodine the thyroid absorbs, which helps differentiate Graves disease from other forms of hyperthyroidism.

  1. Thyroid Ultrasound

An ultrasound can help evaluate the size and structure of the thyroid gland.

Treatment Options for Graves Disease in San Antonio

Graves disease is a manageable condition, and several treatment options are available to control thyroid hormone levels and alleviate symptoms.

  1. Antithyroid Medications

Medications such as methimazole and propylthiouracil help reduce thyroid hormone production. These are often used as an initial treatment or for patients who cannot undergo other therapies.

  1. Radioactive Iodine Therapy

This treatment involves taking a radioactive iodine capsule or liquid that destroys overactive thyroid cells. It is a common and effective treatment for Graves disease.

  1. Beta-Blockers

While beta-blockers do not treat the underlying cause, they help manage symptoms such as rapid heart rate, anxiety, and tremors.

  1. Thyroid Surgery (Thyroidectomy)

Surgical removal of the thyroid gland is an option for patients who do not respond to other treatments or have a large goitre.

  1. Eye Treatments

For those experiencing Graves ophthalmopathy, treatments may include artificial tears, corticosteroids, or surgery in severe cases.

Finding a Specialist in San Antonio, TX

San Antonio has a range of endocrinologists and thyroid specialists who can diagnose and treat Graves disease. If you are looking for expert care, consider:

  • UT Health San Antonio – A leading medical centre with specialists in thyroid disorders.
  • Baptist Health System – Offers endocrinology services and thyroid treatments.
  • Methodist Healthcare System – Provides comprehensive thyroid care and surgical options.
  • Endocrinology Clinics in San Antonio – Various private clinics specialise in thyroid and autoimmune disorders.

Lifestyle Changes and Management

Managing Graves disease extends beyond medical treatments. Lifestyle modifications can improve well-being and prevent symptom flare-ups:

  • Balanced Diet – A nutrient-rich diet supports overall health. Avoid excessive iodine intake.
  • Stress Management – Practise meditation, yoga, or deep breathing to reduce stress.
  • Regular Exercise – Engaging in moderate physical activity helps maintain muscle strength and energy levels.
  • Avoid Stimulants – Reduce caffeine and nicotine consumption, as these can worsen symptoms.
  • Routine Check-Ups – Regular monitoring ensures treatment effectiveness and prevents complications.

Graves Disease is a serious yet manageable thyroid disorder. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can significantly improve quality of life. If you live in San Antonio, TX, and suspect you have Graves disease, consult a healthcare provider for proper evaluation and care. With the right treatment plan and lifestyle adjustments, individuals with Graves disease can lead healthy and active lives.

For personalised care, consider reaching out to an endocrinologist in San Antonio today. Your health and well-being matter!